I can't help but think of the Wheel when I'm reading about Shannon's experiment with probability, letters, and the Printed English language.
Monday, October 31, 2011
Language and Probability.
I can't help but think of the Wheel when I'm reading about Shannon's experiment with probability, letters, and the Printed English language.
Giving Artificial Intelligence the (Freudian) Slip
From: John McCarthy's Home Page
(Professor Emeritus of Computer Science at Stanford University)
http://www-formal.stanford.edu/jmc/index.html
Making Robots Conscious of their Mental States was given at Machine Intelligence 15, 1995 August in Oxford. It's in the Proceedings of that workshop. The idea is that many tasks will require the computer programs examine their own computational structures in ways like those involved in human consciousness and indeed self-consciousness.
Robots Should Not be Equipped with Human-like Emotions
Human emotional and motivational structure is likely to be much farther from what we want to design than is human consciousness from robot consciousness.
Some authors, [Sloman and Croucher, 1981], have argued that sufficiently intelligent robots would automatically have emotions somewhat like those of humans. However, I think that it would be possible to make robots with human-like emotions, but it would require a special effort distinct from that required to make intelligent robots. In order to make this argument, it is necessary to assume something, as little as possible, about human emotions. Here are some points.
- Human reasoning operates primarily on the collection of ideas of which the person is immediately conscious.
- Other ideas are in the background and come into consciousness by various processes.
- Because reasoning is so often nonmonotonic, conclusions can be reached on the basis of the ideas in consciousness that would not be reached if certain additional ideas were also in consciousness.
- Human emotions influence human thought by influencing what ideas come into consciousness. For example, anger brings into consciousness ideas about the target of anger and also about ways of attacking this target.
- According to these notions, paranoia, schizophrenia, depression and other mental illnesses would involve malfunctions of the chemical mechanisms that gate ideas into consciousness. A paranoid who believes the CIA is following him and influencing him with radio waves can lose these ideas when he takes his medicine and regain them when he stops. Certainly his blood chemistry cannot encode complicated paranoid theories, but they can bring ideas about threats from wherever or however they are stored.
- Hormones analogous to neurostransmitters open synaptic gates to admit whole classes of beliefs into consciousness. They are analogs of similar substances and gates in animals.
- A design that uses environmental or internal stimuli to bring whole classes of ideas into consciousness is entirely appropriate for a lower animals. We inherit this mechanism from our animal ancestors.
- Building the analog of a chemically influenced gating mechanism would require a special effort.
These facts suggest the following design considerations.
- We don't want robots to bring ideas into consciousness in an uncontrolled way. Robots that are to react against people (say) considered harmful, should include such reactions in their goal structures and prioritize them together with other goals. Indeed we humans advise ourselves to react rationally to danger, insult and injury. ``Panic'' is our name for reacting directly to perceptions of danger rather than rationally.
- Putting such a mechanism, e.g. panic, in a robot is certainly feasible. It could be done by maintaining some numerical variables, e.g. level of fear, in the system and making the mechanism that brings sentences into consciousness (short term memory) depend on these variables. However, such human-like emotional structures are not an automatic byproduct of human-level intelligence.
- Another aspect of the human mind that we shouldn't build into robots is that subgoals, e.g. ideas of good and bad learned to please parents, can become independent of the larger goal that motivated them. Robots should not let subgoals come to dominate the larger goals that gave rise to them.
- It is also practically important to avoid making robots that are reasonable targets for either human sympathy or dislike. If robots are visibly sad, bored or angry, humans, starting with children, will react to them as persons. Then they would very likely come to occupy some status in human society. Human society is complicated enough already.
John McCarthy, pioneer in artificial intelligence, dies at 84
The Washington Post
John McCarthy, a computer scientist often credited with creating the very name of the futuristic field in which he was an honored pioneer -- artificial intelligence -- died Oct. 24 at his home in Stanford, Calif. He was 84.
The death was announced by Stanford University, where he was a professor in mathematics and later computer science from 1962 until his retirement in 2001.
In the late 1950s, he and Marvin Minsky, a friend and fellow AI specialist, helped start the AI lab at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Their views of the discipline began to diverge and, in 1962, McCarthy returned to Stanford, where he had briefly taught. He soon founded Stanford's artificial intelligence laboratory.
In a 2007 article, McCarthy described artificial intelligence as "the science and engineering of making intelligent machines" and said intelligence was "the computational part of the ability to achieve goals in the world."
Hans Bellmer and Liu...
Time Magazine on Robots
From: "ASHLEY L."
To: William Nericcio
Hi Prof,
I tried to post the attached article on our blog site; It shows the evolution of robots.
I was reading Newsweek and thought it was a cool addition to the blog, so I scanned it. The newest robot is in the popular new iphone, Siri, who is quite the phone robot! You can talk to her, ask her questions, and she even reads your messages and gives you reminders....Thanks, Ashley
"Come on, sucker! Lick my battery!"
Just for funsies.
The Humans are Dead- Flight of the Conchords.
"Finally, robotic beings rule the world!" :)
Sunday, October 30, 2011
Ray Kurzweil's "The Coming Merging of Mind and Machine"
After I completed our assigned reading for the "The Freudian Robot", I decided to relax and find a good documentary to watch on netflix. I came across Transcendent Man which is a title I had noticed before, but never bothered to look into.
Coincidentally, the themes and ideas that are brought up in this documentary are highly relevant to the ideas that we have been discussing in class. (In regards to the evolving relationship between humans and artificial intelligence.)
I have never heard of Ray Kurzweil before. And I apologize if someone has already made a post about him and I somehow overlooked it. I highly doubt it though since I have been keeping up with the blog throughout the semester.
Apparently, he is an inventor and a futurist who is known for his eerily accurate predictions about the future, in regards to technology. For instance, Kurzweil's book, The Age of Intelligent Machines was written during the late 1980s and published in 1990. In it, Kurzweil foretells the explosive growth of global Internet use that began in the 1990s:
"At the time of the publication of The Age of Intelligent Machines, there were only 2.6 million Internet users in the world, and the medium was unreliable, difficult to use, and deficient in content, making Kurzweil's realization of its future potential especially prescient given the technology's limitations at that time. He also stated that the Internet would explode not only in the number of users but in content as well, eventually granting users access "to international networks of libraries, data bases, and information services". Additionally, Kurzweil correctly foresaw that the preferred mode of Internet access would inevitably be through wireless systems, and he was also correct to estimate that the latter would become practical for widespread use in the early 21st century." (Wikipedia)
In Transcendent Man, Ray Kurzweil discusses his most recent predictions which claim that the distinction between humans and artificial intelligence will eventually disappear. It's a very fascinating documentary and I highly recommend it.
Furthermore, here is an article written by Ray Kurzeil on The Coming Merging of Mind and Machine which was originally published in the Scientific American back in 1999. Go ahead and click on the link below to read the article.
If you would like to check out some more scholarly articles written by Kurzweil, go ahead and use the Google Scholar search engine and knock yourself out:
Ray Kurzweil Google Scholar search
Even if you find it difficult to take Kurzweil's predictions seriously, he does bring up some ideas and questions that are worth considering. Enjoy!
Thursday, October 27, 2011
Marshall McLuhan quotes on technology and soceity
*"Man becomes, as it were, the sex organs of the machine world, as the bee of the plant world, enabling it to fecundate and to evolve ever new forms. The machine world reciprocates man's love by expediting his wishes and desires, namely, in providing him with wealth."
*"Hypnotized by their rear-view mirrors, philosophers and scientists alike tried to focus the figure of man in the old ground of the 19th century industrial mechanism and congestion. They failed to bridge from the old figure to the new. It is man who has become both figure and ground via the electrotechnical extension of his awareness. With the extension of his nervous system as a total information environment, man bridges art and nature."
*"Once we have surrendered our senses and nervous systems to the private manipulation of those who would try to benefit from taking a lease on our eyes and ears and nerves, we don't really have any rights left. Leasing our eyes and ears and nerves to commercial interests is like handing over the common speech to a private corporation, or like giving the earth's atmosphere to a company as a monopoly."
*"We become what we behold. We shape our tools and therefore our tools shape us."
These quotes got me thinking about the connections between technology and society and how both are intertwined in a big dense web. However, another argument McLuhan makes is that making sense is still a human monopoly.
The Ultimate Machine
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cZ34RDn34Ws&noredirect=1
Living With Robots - a short film
Wednesday, October 26, 2011
Why Cybraceros?
of Rivera’s work, and the bite of his critiques, can also be appreciated in
Why Cybraceros? (U.S., 1997), which uses an original 1940s promotional
film by the California Grower’s Council titled Why Braceros? to recount
the history of the bracero program in the United States and to present a
dystopic futuristic revamping of this program that imports the labor, but
not the workers, from Mexico to the United States." Clearly, Rivera had been playing with the ideas in Sleep Dealer for some time. The original "Why Braceros?" is very long, and dry at first, but stick with it. The ideals it expresses, especially about half-way in, are exceptionally important to Rivera's understanding of the dystopic future in Sleep Dealers. Here is the original video his "mock-promotional" is based on:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=in4wXocVgUQ
and here, is the Sleep Dealer prototype:
http://blog.altoarizona.com/blog/2010/04/why-cybraceros-a-mock-promotional-film-by-alex-rivera.html
Tuesday, October 25, 2011
MLK quote
Monday, October 24, 2011
Saturday, October 22, 2011
Wednesday, October 19, 2011
Roxxxy the US$7,000 companion/sex robot
Roxxxy is the ninth version of TrueCompanion’s sex robot. She began development in 2001.
“Our first sex robot, Trudy, was built in the 1990s and was not designed for resale. Rather, she was a test bed to refine techniques which we would later use in Roxxxy and Rocky TrueCompanion,” says designer and partner Douglas Hines.
While Roxxxy might look like a high-end quality doll, Hines assures us that the similarities end there.
Apart from her ability to move certain sections of her anatomy (her three high quality construction “inputs” as he delicately states) she also has a personality which is matched as much as possible to her owner's personality.
“So she likes what you like, dislikes what you dislike, etc. She also has moods during the day just like real people! She can be sleepy, conversational or she can ‘be in the mood’,” says Hines.
She even has an orgasm!
Roxxxy has a heartbeat and a circulatory system! The circulatory system helps heat the inside of her body.
Apart from the usual options sex dolls come with, purchasers can specify her hair color, hair style, skin tone, makeup selection, etc, (the company can also accommodate custom requests), Hines says Roxxxy owners may decide to have the sex robot use one of her five other pre-programmed personalities:
- Frigid Farrah – reserved and shy
- Wild Wendy – outgoing and adventurous
- S&M Susan – ready to provide your pain/pleasure fantasies
- Young Yoko – barely 18 and waiting for you to teach her
- Mature Martha – very experienced and would like to teach you!
And/or “you can build your own additional girlfriend personalities,” adds Hines.
“She interacts just like a human interacts,” says Hines. “She hears what you are saying as well as where you are touching her and responds as appropriately as possible.”
For instance, if you have Roxxxy using her “Frigid Farrah” personality and you touched her in a private area, more than likely, she will not be too appreciative of your advance. But if your Roxxxy is using the “Wild Wendy” personality, she will want you to do it again!
Roxxxy is flexible enough to allow owners to add to the five preloaded girlfriend profiles and change the existing five personalities to better suit their preferences.
Hines explains that it is possible to share girlfriends (other Roxxxy robots) with other owners by “swapping” them back and forth online.
“For example, you lend your custom-built girlfriend, ‘Sexy Susan’ to one of your friends online – but he can only ‘use’ her until Sunday morning and then she needs to be returned to you. Until Sunday morning, he can ‘engage’ your girlfriend by using your Sexy Susan personality with his Roxxxy sex robot. You also have the option of sharing your girlfriend with everyone in our forum if you would like. You will also have access to everyone else’s girlfriends, if they allow them to be shared.”
Hines says this is the same as wife or girlfriend-swapping without any of the social issues or sexual disease-related concerns.
“All of these features, which all of our sex robots share, make them truly a unique experience,” he says, proudly.
At present, Roxxxy models can only speak English but the company anticipates releasing Japanese, Spanish and German-speaking versions soon.
Hines says the company is pleased to have had thousands of requests to buy the sex robots and has had many inquiries with additional questions.
“When you decide to have your own Roxxxy, you will also be subscribed to a monthly support plan that will cover any general support questions as well as updates to your Roxxxy,” says Hines.
“Since the subscription service includes updates, she requires a link to the Internet via Wi-Fi. If necessary, you can hook her up to a network cable if you do not have wireless access at your location.”
Who are potential buyers of Roxxxy (and Rocky)?
Hines says the sex robots are helping individuals as well as couples spice up their sex lives as well as giving them a true companion (i.e. TrueCompanion) to share their most erotic fantasies or simply to have someone provide them with companionship and unconditional love.
“We also have many people that have hit a ‘dry spell’ in their love life or do not have many suitable mates living near them. Other couples want to experience a ‘threesome’. We are happy to make our customers’ dreams come true with their own TrueCompanion.”
For those worried about privacy, Hines states that all information is kept confidential. “Also, all billing and shipments reference the generic computer-sounding company name of our partner company: Data Software Solutions, LLC or Data Software Solutions Support. Roxxxy ain’t cheap. This top shelf gal’s base price is US$7,000 but as Hines attests, she’s not a sex doll, she’s a sex robot!
“We have a limited time deep discount program being offered as well as flexible payment plans."
Details are on the TrueCompanion website.More Human than Human
Yeah, I am the astro creep
A demolition style
Hell american freak, yeah
I am the crawling dead
A phantom in a box
Shadow in your head say
Acid, suicide freedom of the blast
Read the fucker lies, yeah
Scratch off the broken skin
Tear into my heart make
Me do it again yeah
Yeah [x4]
More Human Than Human
[x6]
Yeah, I am the jigsaw man
I turn the world around
With a skeleton hand say
I am electric head
A cannibal core
A television said, yeah
Do not victimize
Read the motherfucker
Psychoholic lies, yeah
Into a psychic war
I tear my soul apart and I
Eat it some more, yeah
Yeah [x4]
More Human Than Human
[x6]
Yeah, I am the ripper man
A locomotion mind
Love american style, yeah
I am the nexus one
I want more life fucker
I ain't done, yeah
More Human Than Human
[x8]
Motivation for "Do Androids...."
FROM IMDB:
Philip K. Dick first came up with the idea for his novel 'Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?' in 1962, when researching 'The Man in the High Castle' which deals with the Nazis conquering the planet in the 1940s. Dick had been granted access to archived World War II Gestapo documents in the University of California at Berkley, and had come across diaries written by S.S. men stationed in Poland, which he found almost unreadable in their casual cruelty and lack of human empathy. One sentence in particular troubled him: "We are kept awake at night by the cries of starving children." Dick was so horrified by this sentence that he reasoned there was obviously something wrong with the man who wrote it. This led him to hypothesize that Nazism in general was a defective group mind, a mind so emotionally flawed that the word human could not be applied to them; their lack of empathy was so pronounced that Dick reasoned they couldn't be referred to as human beings, even though their outward appearance seemed to indicate that they were human. The novel sprang from this.
Monday, October 17, 2011
The Future of Sex
Barbies Are Us...
Humanity and Technology
Discussion of Post-Humanism and Dick's Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?
Abstract:
The interaction between human beings and intelligent machines has challenged the traditional understanding of what it means to be "human." In his novel, Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?, phillip k. dick rethinks human identity through the positioning of human beings within a technologically mediated reality that displaces the biological body and the spontaneity of human sensation. Written in 1968, dick's novel anticipates the effect of a technologically mediated culture on the formation of a posthuman identity. dick's fictional juxtaposition of the human being and the organically anthropomorphic android complicates conventional implications of embodiment. Androids are physically indistinguishable from human beings and the only identifiable difference is the human ability to feel empathy, which is encountered prosthetically through an "empathy box." In Do Androids Dream? the body is bled of any definitively human quality while human internality is mediated by the machine. Using dick's novel as an illustration of the process of human redefinition, "Cyborg Bodies and Digitized Desires: Posthumanity and phillip k. dick" argues that the posthuman state is a disembodied condition informed by what is deemed "digitized desires." |
Mike Davis on Apocalypse/Blade Runner...
To: memo@sdsu.edu
Subject: malas seminar 10-17
Greetings Bill,
I wanted to share this with the class...
http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2009-01-07-davis-en.html
This online journal had an interview with Mike Davis (we are studying his Planet of Slums book in the MALAS Comparative Cities class) and midway through the piece is a bit about "Blade Runner" and how Davis returns to the film often because of his interest in "the dystopian and apocalyptic".
Sunday, October 16, 2011
Remember Tamagotchi?
Saturday, October 15, 2011
Friday, October 14, 2011
Novels, Technology, and Sex.
Wednesday, October 12, 2011
A Reminder from a Sex Robot: Evolution of a Sex Robot
A very interesting article from a Christian perspective.
Sunday, October 9, 2011
Dick on Blade Runner
I found this letter that Philip K. Dick supposedly wrote to Jeff Walker (a studio exec, I think?) in 1981 after viewing a TV interview with Harrison Ford regarding the release of the film Blade Runner. I found the letter on several other websites and it seems to be authentic (but you never know). In it, Dick agrees with Ford's points, saying that the "futurism" concept that the film lays out is more reality driven than sci-fi or escapism. The link has Dick's typed letter and a transcription below it which is easier to read.
Saturday, October 8, 2011
Thursday, October 6, 2011
MAC in 1984
The Problem with Internet Porn
Wednesday, October 5, 2011
Beetles Banging Beer Bottles
They mount these brown bottles and attempt to copulate until they die.
It makes one wonder, if all the attractive parts of a beetle can be fulfilled by a bottle by accident, could we humans manufacture something that overshadows the other sex(beyond of course Real Dolls and other such objects)?
Tuesday, October 4, 2011
Monday, October 3, 2011
F-Machine
Female Hysteria
http://19thcentury.wordpress.com/2007/12/05/female-hysteria/
Female hysteria
December 5, 2007 by 19thcentury
In 1859, it was claimed that a quarter of all women suffered from hysteria. This number makes sense if you consider that there was a 75-page catalogue with possible symptoms, and this list was seen as incomplete. Some of the symptoms of female hysteria are faintness, nervousness, insomnia, fluid retention, heaviness in the abdomen, muscle spasms, shortness of breath, irritability and a loss of appetite for food.
The exact cause of hysteria is not clearly defined, except that is was a ‘womb disease.’ According to the Victorians, it had either to do with pent-up fluids in the female body, stress of modern-day life, or the ‘wanderings of the womb.’ It was definately an upper-class disease, an American physician expressed pleasure that the country was ‘catching up’ to Europe in the prevalence of hysteria.
Luckily, there was a temporary solution for hysteria (hysteria was a chronic disease so it could never be fully cured.) The woman suffering from hysteria would go to the doctor for a ‘pelvic massage to the point of hysterical paroxysm.’ The doctors thought this to be a very tedious task indeed, and due to this, the first vibrators were invented: around 1870 the first ones were in use by physicians.